Limitation periods in Singapore are governed by specific legal frameworks which set the time limits within which an individual or entity must initiate legal proceedings. These periods define the window for enforcing legal rights through the courts. The rationale behind limitation periods is to ensure legal certainty and fairness, preventing the indefinite hanging over of legal claims.
The primary statute governing limitation periods is the Limitation Act (Cap. 163). This act delineates the time limits for various types of legal actions, ranging from contract disputes to personal injury claims.
General Limitation Periods for Different Types of Claims
In Singapore, the Limitation Act (Cap. 163) sets specific time frames within which different types of legal actions must be initiated. These time frames vary depending on the nature of the claim.
- Contract-Based Claims: For actions founded on a contract, the limitation period is typically six years from the date when the cause of action accrues. This period applies unless a different period is explicitly stated in the contract.
- Tort-Based Claims: In cases of tort, such as negligence or trespass, the limitation period is also six years. This duration starts from the date when the damage or injury occurred.
- Defamation Claims: For defamation actions, the limitation period is shorter, at one year from the date of the alleged defamatory act.
- Personal Injury and Negligence Claims: In the context of personal injury arising from negligence, the limitation period is three years from the date of injury or the date when the claimant becomes aware of the injury.
- Claims for Death Due to Wrongful Act: If the claim is for death or personal injury resulting from a wrongful act, negligence, or breach of duty, the limitation period is three years from the date of death or the date of knowledge of the death by the dependents.
Initiating legal proceedings beyond these time frames may lead to the dismissal of the claim on the grounds of being time-barred. The clock for these limitation periods starts ticking from the moment the right to make the claim arises, not from the date of the actual loss or damage.
